Hvussu uppliva avvarðandi at eldri heimabúgvandi persónum við demens tørvin á stuðli í gerandisdegnum: Ein kvalitativ kanning The experience of everyday support needs amongst informal caregivers of elderly people with dementia in home care settings: A qualitative study
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Published
Aug 25, 2025
Sára Skylv Reinert
Elisabeth Anthoniussen
Abstract
Supporting the growing number of individuals with dementia living at home poses challenges for informal caregivers, healthcare professionals, and service providers. Informal caregivers play a crucial role in enabling these individuals to remain at home, but this responsibility places significant demands on them, emphasizing the need for greater support. This qualitative interview study was conducted in the summer of 2021, inspired by the 2020 Alzheimer’s Association survey. The aim was to explore informal caregivers' daily experiences, with a focus on their support needs and perceptions of available services. Three key themes emerged: (1) the need for more knowledge, (2) improved access to services, and (3) support from social networks. Findings highlighted a strong need for understanding the disease, its progression, and managing behavioural issues. While caregivers’ needs for information, education, and counselling were partially met, peer support groups were notably absent. Caregivers also found services too standardized and not sufficiently tailored to their specific needs, stressing the importance of social networks in providing essential day-to-day support.
Úrtak
Tað er ein avbjóðing fyri avvarðandi, heilsustarvsfólk og tænastuveitarar at veita stuðul til vaksandi talið av heimabúgvandi persónum við demens. Leikluturin sum avvarðandi kann vera avgerandi fyri, at eldri við demens kunnu halda fram at búgva í egnum heimi. Hetta kann merkja, at avvarðandi koma at kenna øktan tørv á stuðli fyri at kunna liva upp til henda leiklut. Ein spurnablaðskanning gjørd fyri Alzheimerfelagið í 2020 kveikti hesa samrøðukanning, ið varð gjørd á sumri 2021. Endamálið við samrøðunum var at kanna upplivingarnar hjá avvarðandi í mun til mettan tørv á stuðli í gerandisdegnum og hvussu hesin tørvur varð nøktaður við verandi tænastum. Greiningin av samrøðunum vísti á trý høvuðstema: (1) tørvur á meiri vitan, (2) tørvur á atgongd til tilboð og tænastur, og (3) at finna stuðul í sosialum trygdarneti. Niðurstøðan vísti, at avvarðandi hava tørv á meiri vitan um demens-sjúkuna, sjúkugongd og handfaring av atferðarbroytingum. Tørvurin á kunning, undirvísing og ráðgeving varð partvíst nøktaður, meðan tørvurin á avvarðandibólkum ikki varð nøktaður. Avvarðandi upplivdu, at tilboð og tænastur vóru ov standardiserað, og tí ikki nøktaðu tørvin hjá tí einstaka til fulnar. Sosiala trygdarnetið hevði stóran týdning í gerandisdegnum.
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Keywords
Dementia, informal caregiver, experience, support needs, support services, upplivingar, avvarðandi, demens, stuðul, tænastur
References
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Ask, H., Langballe, E. M., Holmen, J., Selbøk, G., Saltvedt, I., & Tambs, K. (2014). Mental health and wellbeing in spouses of persons with dementia: The Nord-Trøndelag health study. BMC Public Health, 14, 413. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-413
Braun, V., & Clark, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Braun, V. Clark, V (2013) Succesfull Qualitative Research: A practical Guide for Beginers Publisher Sabe ISBN: 9781847875815. Kap 1
Brinkmann,S. (2015). Forståelse og fortolkning. Í M. H. Jacobsen, K. Lippert-Rasmussen, & P. Nedergaard (Red.), Videnskabsteori i statskundskab, sociologi og forvaltning (3. útg. s. 69-100.) Hans Reitzels Forlag..
Dátueftirlitið (2021). Vegleiðingar og skapilónir. (Føroyar) Dátaeftirlitið. Atkomuligt á: https://www.dat.fo/um-datueftirlitid/vegleidingar-og-skabelonir
Damianakis, T., & Woodford, M. R. (2012). Qualitative Research With Small Connected Communities: Generating New Knowledge While Upholding Research Ethics. Qualitative Health Research, 22(5), 708–718. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732311431444
Egilstrøð, B. Ravn, M. B. & Petersen, K. S. (2019). Living with a partner with dementia: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of spouses' lived experiences of changes in their everyday lives, Aging & Mental Health, 23:5, 541-550, DOI:10.1080/13607863.2018.1433634
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Greenwood, N. & Smith, R. (2016). The oldest carers: A narrative review and synthesis of the experiences of carers aged over 75 years. Maturitas, 94, 161–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.10.001
Gregg, J. E., Simpson, J., Nilforoosahn, R., & Perez-Algorta, G. (2021). What is the relationship between people with dementia and their caregiver’s illness perceptions post-diagnosis and the impact on helpseeking behaviour? A systematic review. Dementia, 20(7), 2597–2617. https://doi.org/10.1177/1471301221997291
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Jákupsstovu, B. (2007). Velferd på Færøyene — ny velferdsmodell i støpeskjee. Í G. L. Rafnsdóttir (Red.), Arbejde, helse og velfaerd i vestnorden (s. 27-42). Háskólaútgáfan, Rannsóknastofa í Vinnuvernd.
Jacobsen,B., Tanggaard,L.,Brinkmann,S. (2015) Fænomenologi. Í S. Brinkmann& L. Tanggaard (red) Kvalitative metoder – en grundbog (2. útg. s.217-240) Hans Reittzels Forlag.
Johannessen, A., Povlsen, L., Bruvik, F., & Ulstein I. (2014). Implementation of a multicomponent psychosocial programme for persons with dementia and their families in Norwegian municipalities: experiences from the perspective of healthcare professionals who performed the intervention. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Science, 28, 749–756. https://doi.org/10.1111/scs.12107
Kvale,S. (1997) Interview – en introduktion til det kvalitative interview. Hans Reitzels Forlag
Kvale, S. & Brinkmann, S. (2015). Interview - Det kvalitative forskningsinterview som håndværk (3. útg.) Hans Reitzels Forlag
Lauritzen, J., Bjerrum, M. B., Pedersen, P. U., & Sørensen E. E. (2019). Support groups for carers of a person with dementia who lives at home: A focused ethnographic study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 75(11), 2934-2942. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14151
Løgtingslóg nr. 80 (2020). Løgtingslóg nr. 80 frá 7. juni 2020 um vernd av persónupplýsingum. (Føroyar) Løgmansskrivstovan. Atkomuligt á: https://logir.fo/Logtingslog/80-fra-07-06-2020-um-vernd-avpersonupplysingum
Løgtingslóg nr. 19 (2014) Løgtingslóg um heimatænastu, eldrarøkt v.m., sum seinast broytt við løgtingslóg nr. 159 frá 10. desember 2021. Atkomilig á: https://logir.fo/Logtingslog/19-fra-07-04-2014-um-heimataenastu-eldrarokt-vm
Løgtingslóg nr 20 (2014) Løgtingslóg um kommunalt samstarv um heimatænastu, eldrarøkt v.m. Atkomilig á : https://logir.fo/Logtingslog/20-fra-07-04-2014-um-kommunalt-samstarv-um-heimataenastu-eldrarokt-vm
McCabe, M., You, E., & Tatangelo, G. (2016). Hearing Their Voice: A Systematic Review of Dementia Family Caregivers’ Needs. The Gerontologist, 56(5), e70–e88. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnw078
Nationalt vindenscenter for demens (2024). Forekomst af demens. (København Ø) Nationalt videncenter for demens. Atkomuligt á: https://videnscenterfordemens.dk/da/forekomst-fordelt-paa-koen-og-alder
Næs, J. T. (2015) Ældreplejen på Færøerne. I: Ældreomsorg i Norden. Helsingfors: Nordens Välfärdscenter. s. 31–42. Atkomilig á : https://norden.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:874992/FULLTEXT01.pdf.
Petersen, M. S., Reinert, S. og Anthoniussen, E. (2021) Frágreiðing og tilmæli - Støðan hjá avvarðandi at persónum við demens í Føroyum. (Tórshavn ) Alzheimerfelagið. Atkomuligt á: https://d362j716yjtjbt.cloudfront.net/media/4080/alzheimerfelagið- frágreiðing-avvarðandi-2021-dagførd.pdf
Petersen, M. S., Restorff, M., Stórá, T., Waldemar, G., & Joensen, S. (2019). Trend in the Incidence and Prevalence of Dementia in the Faroe Islands. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. 71(3), 969-978 https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-190341
Schumacher, K.L. & Meleis, A.I.(2010) Transitions: A Central Consept in Nursing. Í Meleis, A. F. (Red) Transitions theory – Middele-Rnage and Situattion-Specific Theorries in Nursing research and Practice. (1. útg. s. 38-51). Springer Publishing company. ISBN: 978-0-8261-0534-9
Smith, R., Drennan, V., Mackenzie, A., & Greenwood, N. (2017). Volunteer peer support and befriending for carers of people living with dementia: An exploration of volunteers’ experiences. Health Soc Care Community, 26(2), 158–166. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12477
Snyder, C.M. Fauth,E. Wanzeka, J. Piercyb, K.W. Norton, M.C. Corcoran, C. Rabins,P.V. Lyketsos,C.G. &Tschanza, J.T. (2015). Dementia caregivers’ coping strategies and their relationship to health and well-being: The Cache County Study. Aging Ment Health. 2015 ; 19(5): 390–399. Doi:10.1080/13607863.2014.939610
Steenfeldt,V .Ø. Agerup,L. C. og Jacobsen, A. H. (2021). Becoming a Family Caregiver to a Person With Dementia: A Literature Review onthe Needs of Family Caregivers. SAGE Open Nursing. Volume 7: 1–14 DOI: 10.1177/23779608211029073
Stephan, A., Bieber, A., Hopper, L., Joyce, R., Irving, K., Zanetti, O., Prtolani, E. Kerpershoek, L., Verhey, F. De Vugt, M., Eriksen, S. Røsvik, J., Marques, M. J., Gonçalves-Pereira, M., Sjölund, M., Jelley, H., Woods, B., & Meyer, G. (2018). Barriers and facilitators to the access to and use of formal dementia care: findings of a focus group study with people with dementia, informal carers and health and social care professionals in eight European countries BMC Geriatrics, 18(131) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-018-0816-1
Sørensen, L. V, Waldorff, F. B., & Waldemar, G. (2008). Early counselling and support for patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease and their caregivers: a qualitative study on outcome. Aging & mental health, 12(4), 444–450. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607860802224342
Teahan, Á., Walsh, S., Doherty, E., & O’Shea, E. (2021). Supporting family carers of people with dementia: A discrete choice experiment of public preferences. Soc Sci Med, 287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114359
Thornquist, E. (2006) Videnskabsfilosofi og videnskabsteori for sundhedsfagene. Gads Forlag.
Vandepitte, S., Van Den Noortgate, N., Putman, K., Verhaeghe, S., Faes, K., & Annemans, L. (2016). Effectiveness of Supporting Informal Ceregivers of People with Dementia. A systemattic Review of Randomized and Non Randomized Controlled Triales. Journal of Alzheimer´s Disease, 52(3), 929-965 https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-151011
Watson, B., Tatagelo, G., & McCabe, M. (2019). Depression and Anxiety Among Partner and Offspring Carers of People With Dementia: A Systematic Review. The Gerontologist, 59(5), 597-610 https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gny049
WHO (2024). Dementia. Atkomuligt á: https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia [Lisið: 29.04.24]
World Medical Association (2018). WMA Declaration of Helsinki - Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. Atkomuligt á: https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethicalprinciples-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/ [Lisið: 25 oktober 2021]
Wu, Y. T., Fratiglioni, L., Matthews, F. E., Lobo, A., Breteler, M. M. B., Skoog, I., & Brayne, C. (2016). Dementia in western Europe: Epidemiological evidence and implications for policy making. The Lancet Neurology, 15(1), 116–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(15)00092-7
Xu, X. Y., Kwan, R. Y. C., & Leung, A. Y. M. (2020). Factors associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease in family caregivers of people with dementia: a systematic review. Journal of International Medical Research, 48(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060519845472
Alzheimerforeningen. (2018). Livet med demens. (København K) Alzheimerforeningen. Atkomuligt á: https://www.alzheimer.dk/media/i52gldqi/2018-02-27-paaroerendeundersoegelse-alzheimerforeningen-2018.pdf.
Andersen, H., & Koch, L. (2015). Hermeneutik og fænomenologi. Í M. H. Jacobsen, K. Lippert-Rasmussen, & P. Nedergaard (Red.), Videnskabsteori i statskundskab, sociologi og forvaltning (3. útg., s. 205-250). Hans Reitzels Forlag.
Ask, H., Langballe, E. M., Holmen, J., Selbøk, G., Saltvedt, I., & Tambs, K. (2014). Mental health and wellbeing in spouses of persons with dementia: The Nord-Trøndelag health study. BMC Public Health, 14, 413. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-14-413
Braun, V., & Clark, V. (2006). Using thematic analysis in psychology. Qualitative Research in Psychology, 3(2), 77-101. https://doi.org/10.1191/1478088706qp063oa
Braun, V. Clark, V (2013) Succesfull Qualitative Research: A practical Guide for Beginers Publisher Sabe ISBN: 9781847875815. Kap 1
Brinkmann,S. (2015). Forståelse og fortolkning. Í M. H. Jacobsen, K. Lippert-Rasmussen, & P. Nedergaard (Red.), Videnskabsteori i statskundskab, sociologi og forvaltning (3. útg. s. 69-100.) Hans Reitzels Forlag..
Dátueftirlitið (2021). Vegleiðingar og skapilónir. (Føroyar) Dátaeftirlitið. Atkomuligt á: https://www.dat.fo/um-datueftirlitid/vegleidingar-og-skabelonir
Damianakis, T., & Woodford, M. R. (2012). Qualitative Research With Small Connected Communities: Generating New Knowledge While Upholding Research Ethics. Qualitative Health Research, 22(5), 708–718. https://doi.org/10.1177/1049732311431444
Egilstrøð, B. Ravn, M. B. & Petersen, K. S. (2019). Living with a partner with dementia: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of spouses' lived experiences of changes in their everyday lives, Aging & Mental Health, 23:5, 541-550, DOI:10.1080/13607863.2018.1433634
Folkman, S. &Lazarus, R.S. (1991) Coping and emotion. Í Monat, A. & Lazaeus, R.S (Red.) Stress and Coping – An Anthology (3 útg. s.207-227) Columbia University Press
Greenwood, N. & Smith, R. (2016). The oldest carers: A narrative review and synthesis of the experiences of carers aged over 75 years. Maturitas, 94, 161–172. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.maturitas.2016.10.001
Gregg, J. E., Simpson, J., Nilforoosahn, R., & Perez-Algorta, G. (2021). What is the relationship between people with dementia and their caregiver’s illness perceptions post-diagnosis and the impact on helpseeking behaviour? A systematic review. Dementia, 20(7), 2597–2617. https://doi.org/10.1177/1471301221997291
Hagstovan (2023) Framrokning. (Føroyar) Hagstova Føroya. Atkomuligt á: https://hagstova.fo/fo/folk/folkatal/framrokning
Hellström, I., Håkonson, C., Erikson, H., & Sandberg, J. (2017). Development of older men’s caregiving roles for wives with dementia. Scand J Caring Sci, 31(4), 957–964. https://doi.org/10.1111/scs.12419
Jákupsstovu, B. (2007). Velferd på Færøyene — ny velferdsmodell i støpeskjee. Í G. L. Rafnsdóttir (Red.), Arbejde, helse og velfaerd i vestnorden (s. 27-42). Háskólaútgáfan, Rannsóknastofa í Vinnuvernd.
Jacobsen,B., Tanggaard,L.,Brinkmann,S. (2015) Fænomenologi. Í S. Brinkmann& L. Tanggaard (red) Kvalitative metoder – en grundbog (2. útg. s.217-240) Hans Reittzels Forlag.
Johannessen, A., Povlsen, L., Bruvik, F., & Ulstein I. (2014). Implementation of a multicomponent psychosocial programme for persons with dementia and their families in Norwegian municipalities: experiences from the perspective of healthcare professionals who performed the intervention. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Science, 28, 749–756. https://doi.org/10.1111/scs.12107
Kvale,S. (1997) Interview – en introduktion til det kvalitative interview. Hans Reitzels Forlag
Kvale, S. & Brinkmann, S. (2015). Interview - Det kvalitative forskningsinterview som håndværk (3. útg.) Hans Reitzels Forlag
Lauritzen, J., Bjerrum, M. B., Pedersen, P. U., & Sørensen E. E. (2019). Support groups for carers of a person with dementia who lives at home: A focused ethnographic study. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 75(11), 2934-2942. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14151
Løgtingslóg nr. 80 (2020). Løgtingslóg nr. 80 frá 7. juni 2020 um vernd av persónupplýsingum. (Føroyar) Løgmansskrivstovan. Atkomuligt á: https://logir.fo/Logtingslog/80-fra-07-06-2020-um-vernd-avpersonupplysingum
Løgtingslóg nr. 19 (2014) Løgtingslóg um heimatænastu, eldrarøkt v.m., sum seinast broytt við løgtingslóg nr. 159 frá 10. desember 2021. Atkomilig á: https://logir.fo/Logtingslog/19-fra-07-04-2014-um-heimataenastu-eldrarokt-vm
Løgtingslóg nr 20 (2014) Løgtingslóg um kommunalt samstarv um heimatænastu, eldrarøkt v.m. Atkomilig á : https://logir.fo/Logtingslog/20-fra-07-04-2014-um-kommunalt-samstarv-um-heimataenastu-eldrarokt-vm
McCabe, M., You, E., & Tatangelo, G. (2016). Hearing Their Voice: A Systematic Review of Dementia Family Caregivers’ Needs. The Gerontologist, 56(5), e70–e88. https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gnw078
Nationalt vindenscenter for demens (2024). Forekomst af demens. (København Ø) Nationalt videncenter for demens. Atkomuligt á: https://videnscenterfordemens.dk/da/forekomst-fordelt-paa-koen-og-alder
Næs, J. T. (2015) Ældreplejen på Færøerne. I: Ældreomsorg i Norden. Helsingfors: Nordens Välfärdscenter. s. 31–42. Atkomilig á : https://norden.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:874992/FULLTEXT01.pdf.
Petersen, M. S., Reinert, S. og Anthoniussen, E. (2021) Frágreiðing og tilmæli - Støðan hjá avvarðandi at persónum við demens í Føroyum. (Tórshavn ) Alzheimerfelagið. Atkomuligt á: https://d362j716yjtjbt.cloudfront.net/media/4080/alzheimerfelagið- frágreiðing-avvarðandi-2021-dagførd.pdf
Petersen, M. S., Restorff, M., Stórá, T., Waldemar, G., & Joensen, S. (2019). Trend in the Incidence and Prevalence of Dementia in the Faroe Islands. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease. 71(3), 969-978 https://doi.org/10.3233/JAD-190341
Schumacher, K.L. & Meleis, A.I.(2010) Transitions: A Central Consept in Nursing. Í Meleis, A. F. (Red) Transitions theory – Middele-Rnage and Situattion-Specific Theorries in Nursing research and Practice. (1. útg. s. 38-51). Springer Publishing company. ISBN: 978-0-8261-0534-9
Smith, R., Drennan, V., Mackenzie, A., & Greenwood, N. (2017). Volunteer peer support and befriending for carers of people living with dementia: An exploration of volunteers’ experiences. Health Soc Care Community, 26(2), 158–166. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12477
Snyder, C.M. Fauth,E. Wanzeka, J. Piercyb, K.W. Norton, M.C. Corcoran, C. Rabins,P.V. Lyketsos,C.G. &Tschanza, J.T. (2015). Dementia caregivers’ coping strategies and their relationship to health and well-being: The Cache County Study. Aging Ment Health. 2015 ; 19(5): 390–399. Doi:10.1080/13607863.2014.939610
Steenfeldt,V .Ø. Agerup,L. C. og Jacobsen, A. H. (2021). Becoming a Family Caregiver to a Person With Dementia: A Literature Review onthe Needs of Family Caregivers. SAGE Open Nursing. Volume 7: 1–14 DOI: 10.1177/23779608211029073
Stephan, A., Bieber, A., Hopper, L., Joyce, R., Irving, K., Zanetti, O., Prtolani, E. Kerpershoek, L., Verhey, F. De Vugt, M., Eriksen, S. Røsvik, J., Marques, M. J., Gonçalves-Pereira, M., Sjölund, M., Jelley, H., Woods, B., & Meyer, G. (2018). Barriers and facilitators to the access to and use of formal dementia care: findings of a focus group study with people with dementia, informal carers and health and social care professionals in eight European countries BMC Geriatrics, 18(131) https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-018-0816-1
Sørensen, L. V, Waldorff, F. B., & Waldemar, G. (2008). Early counselling and support for patients with mild Alzheimer’s disease and their caregivers: a qualitative study on outcome. Aging & mental health, 12(4), 444–450. https://doi.org/10.1080/13607860802224342
Teahan, Á., Walsh, S., Doherty, E., & O’Shea, E. (2021). Supporting family carers of people with dementia: A discrete choice experiment of public preferences. Soc Sci Med, 287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114359
Thornquist, E. (2006) Videnskabsfilosofi og videnskabsteori for sundhedsfagene. Gads Forlag.
Vandepitte, S., Van Den Noortgate, N., Putman, K., Verhaeghe, S., Faes, K., & Annemans, L. (2016). Effectiveness of Supporting Informal Ceregivers of People with Dementia. A systemattic Review of Randomized and Non Randomized Controlled Triales. Journal of Alzheimer´s Disease, 52(3), 929-965 https://doi.org/10.3233/jad-151011
Watson, B., Tatagelo, G., & McCabe, M. (2019). Depression and Anxiety Among Partner and Offspring Carers of People With Dementia: A Systematic Review. The Gerontologist, 59(5), 597-610 https://doi.org/10.1093/geront/gny049
WHO (2024). Dementia. Atkomuligt á: https://www.who.int/en/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/dementia [Lisið: 29.04.24]
World Medical Association (2018). WMA Declaration of Helsinki - Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects. Atkomuligt á: https://www.wma.net/policies-post/wma-declaration-of-helsinki-ethicalprinciples-for-medical-research-involving-human-subjects/ [Lisið: 25 oktober 2021]
Wu, Y. T., Fratiglioni, L., Matthews, F. E., Lobo, A., Breteler, M. M. B., Skoog, I., & Brayne, C. (2016). Dementia in western Europe: Epidemiological evidence and implications for policy making. The Lancet Neurology, 15(1), 116–124. https://doi.org/10.1016/s1474-4422(15)00092-7
Xu, X. Y., Kwan, R. Y. C., & Leung, A. Y. M. (2020). Factors associated with the risk of cardiovascular disease in family caregivers of people with dementia: a systematic review. Journal of International Medical Research, 48(1), 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1177/0300060519845472
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